duongqua_8700
24-01-2011, 05:28 PM
Tôi yêu thích các câu truyện về Hindu giáo từ rất lâu rồi. Tôi ko có tham vọng gì nhiều. Chỉ là tôi muốn tìm hiểu về đạo Hindu thông qua các truyền thuyết về họ. Những gì đọc được và muốn dịch ra để mọi người đọc thì tôi sẽ đem post. Nếu có điều kiện dịch nhiều, mong một ngày nào đó số lượng bản dịch của tôi có thể cho mọi người một khối lượng hiểu biết đáng kể về đạo Hindu.
Ai muốn tham gia dịch cùng tôi thì có thể pm qua hòm thư:
duongqua_8700@yahoo.com
Câu chuyện thứ 5 mà tôi muốn kể với các bạn là về một nữ thần. Tên cô là Kali - một phần được tách ra của nữ thần Parvati, vợ thần Shiva.
http://www.goddessaday.com/images/kali.jpg
Kali is the Hindu Goddess of life, death, and rebirth. She is the Dark Mother who creates and destroys. Several stories tell of her origin–she is usually the dark part of another Goddess (such as Parvati or Durga), separated out in order to fulfill her task of killing demons. In her most popular myth, Kali slaughtered the demons, enemies of the Gods, and then danced on the battleground, drunk with blood. Her dancing grew to be so frenzied that the Gods were afraid. Lord Shiva, the only one who could control her, lay down on the battlefield himself to get her attention. When Kali stepped on him, she realized what she was doing and stuck out her tongue in dismay. It is in this pose that she is most well-known, with her blue-black skin, wearing a necklace of human heads and a skirt of human arms. In this depiction, Kali has four arms: they hold a sword, a trident, a severed head, and a cup to catch the blood from the head. Her right foot is on Shiva’s chest.
Kali’s name is from the Sanskrit word kala, meaning either “black” or “time”, depending on the context. Her various other names reflect her different forms:
Attahasayuta (laughing loudly)
Balidanapriya (fond of animal sacrifice)
Bhadra Kali (adamantine)
Bhadrakali Vilakshi Kamadatri (giving desires)
Bhairavabhavini Bhavananta Sarasvataprada (bestower of eloquence)
Bhavani
Bhavatarini (redeemer of the universe)
Bhayanaka (giving fear)
Bhima Chandi
Bhimanadini (sounding terrifying)
Bhurbhuvasvahsvarupini (true form of Bhurbhuvahsvar)
Cchinnajata Jatajutavilasini Sarvarajayutabhima Sarvarajoparisthata Shmashanstha (dwelling in the cremation ground)
Chamunda
Chaturvargaprada (giver of the four aims)
Daksina Kali (remover of the fear of death)
Danavendraprapujita (worshipped by Danavas)
Devi Khadgahasta (holding a cleaver)
Dukhadaridyanashini (destroyer of unhappiness and poverty)
Garbha (the womb)
Gauri (golden one)
Gayatri Savitri Mahanilasarasvati Lakshmirlakshanasamyukta (showing all the signs of Lakshmi)
Guhya Kali (secret)
Jagadamba (world mother)
Jagadanandakarini (cause of bliss in the world)
Jagadvighnasini (destroyer of world obstacles)
Jaganmata (mother of the world)
Jaganmayi (consisting of the world)
Jagatsara (essence of the world)
Kadamba-pushpamalini (wearing a garland of kadamba flowers)
Kadamba-pushpasantosa (taking delight in the kadamba flowers)
Kadambari-panarata (who drinks the kadamba flower wine)
Kadambari-priya (excited and pleased with the kadamba wine)
Kadamba-vanasamcara (wanderer in the kadamba forest)
Kadamba-vanavasini (who lives in the kadamba forest)
Kadambini (dark as a bank of rain-clouds)
Kaladhara (bearer of the crescent moon and all female energy)
Kalahamsa-gati (moving and swaying as a swan)
Kalakantaka-ghatini (destructress of the fear of death)
Kalakanthi (with a soft and deep-throated voice)
Kalakarshini (conqueror and/or destroyer of time)
Kalamanjira-carana (whose toe-bells sound sweet melodies)
Kalamata (mother and destructress of time)
Kalanada-ninadini (sweet as the chakravaka bird)
Kalanala-samadyuti (brilliant as the fires of the final dissolution)
Kalaratri (black night)
Kalatmika (self of kalas)
Kalavati (possessor of all the arts)
Kali Kalaratrisvarupini (true form of the night of time)
Kali Ma (mother of karma)
Kali Mahamaya (the great sorceress)
Kali Nath
Kalidarpaghni (destructress of pride)
Kalika (devourer of him who devours [Shiva])
Kalikalmasa-nasini (destructress of Evil)
Kalikamata (black earth-mother)
Kalpalata (creeper who provides every desire)
Kalyani (bestower of peace and happiness)
Kamabija-japananda (excited to hear ‘klim’ [mantra of sexual union])
Kamabija-svarupini (embodiment of the mantra ‘klim’)
Kamala (who enjoys and is herself enjoyed)
Kamalalaya-madhyastha (abiding in the center of the lotus)
Kamalamoda-modini (pleased and intoxicated by the scent of lotus)
Kamalasana-santushta (lover of the lotus flower)
Kamalasana-vasini (delighted to be seated within the lotus)
Kamaniya (beautiful one)
Kamaniya-gunaradhya (adorable image of all tenderness)
Kamaniya-vibhushana (beauty is thy ornament)
Kamapasa-vimocini (liberator from the bonds of desire)
Kamapitha-vilasini (playing at the Kamakhya Pitha)
Kamarupa (in the form of desire)
Kamarupa-kritavasa (who lives in the place of sexual desire)
Kamarupini (assuming any form she desires)
Kamkalamalya-dharini (wearing a garland of bones)
Kancanacala-kaumudi (shining moon-beam on the mountain of gold)
Kancanadri-kritagara (residing in the golden mountain [Meru])
Kantukini (joyous one)
Kapalapatra-nirata (drinking from a skull-cup)
Kapali (wearer of skulls)
Kapalini Kurukulla Viprachitta Kantachitta Madonmada (drunk with desire)
Kapardini (lover of him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapardisha-kripanvita (kind and devoted to him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapila (tawny-colored one)
Karalasya (thou of formidable countenance with teeth like fangs)
Karali (frightening)
Karanamrita-santosha (pleased with the nectar of purified wine)
Karanananda-japeshta (deity of those who worship with wine)
Karanananda-siddhida (giver of success to those who enjoy wine)
Karanarcana-harshita (glad to be worshipped with purified wine)
Karanarnava-sammagma (immersed in an ocean of wine)
Karanavrata-palini (protecting those who perform ritual with wine)
Karpura-candanakshita (body painted with camphor and sandal paste)
Karpura-karanahlada (pleased with purified wine flavored with camphor)
Karpura-malabharana (adorned with garlands of camphor)
Karpuramoda-modita (whom the scent of camphor gladdens)
Karpuramrita-payini (drinker of nectar flavored with camphor)
Karpura-sagaralaya (at home in the ocean of camphor)
Karpura-sagarasnata (bathing in the ocean of camphor)
Karunamrita-sagara (ocean of the nectar of compassion)
Kashtahartri (allayer of all suffering)
Kasishvara-dayini (giver of blessings to the Lord of Varanasi [Shiva])
Kasishvara-kritamoda (giver of pleasures to the Lord of Varanasi)
Kasishvara-manorama (beloved of Shiva who overwhelms his mind)
Kasishvari (Queen of the Sacred City [Varanasi])
Kasturi-bhojanaprita (who is pleased to eat musk of the musk deer)
Kasturi-dahajanani (mother of those who burn musk as incense)
Kasturim-rigatoshini (who is fond of the musk deer)
Kasturi-pujakapriya (loving those who worship her with musk)
Kasturi-pujanarata (excited by worship with musk)
Kasturi-saurabhamoda (gladdened by the scent of musk)
Kasturi-tilakojjvala (luminous one with a mark of musk on her forehead)
Kaulika-priyakarini (benefactress of the Kula)
Kaulika-radhya (adored by Kula Tantrics)
Kausiki
Kishori (thou who art ever youthful)
Klaibyanasini (destroying all fears)
Komalamgi (delicate and tender-bodied)
Kottavei
Kripadhara (vessel of compassion)
Kripagama (attainable only by her compassion)
Kripamayi (truly merciful)
Kripapara (whose mercy is without limit)
Krishanu (thou art fire)
Krishna (black of hue as is Krishna)
Krishnananda-vivardhini (who increases joy and bliss of Krishna)
Krishodari (slender of waist)
Kulacara (observant of the Kulacara)
Kulakamini (Lady of the Kula)
Kulamarga-pradarshini (revealing the Kula-Path to seekers)
Kulina (embodiment of the Kula teachings)
Kulinarti-nasini (destructress of the Kula’s afflictions)
Kumari-bhojanananda (pleased by the feasts and gifts to the virgins)
Kumari-pujakalaya (refuge of all virgin worshippers)
Kumari-pujanaprita (pleased by the worship of virgin girls)
Kumari-rupadharini (who is in the form of a virgin)
Kumatighni (destructress of all evil inclinations)
Kurchabija-japaprita (pleased by worship with the mantra ‘hum’)
Kurchajapa-parayayana (threatening and conquering demons with ‘hum’)
Kvanatkanci-vibhusana (whose girdle-bells tinkle ever so sweet)
Madanaprita Madaghurnitalochana (eyes full of desire)
Madhya Trivalivalayanchita Gandharvaihsamstutasa (praised by the Gandharvas)
Madottirna Kharparasinaramundavilasini Naramundasraja (with a necklace of men’s heads)
Maha Kali (the great mother)
Mahagaurasarvanga (greatly golden in all limbs)
Mahakali Jagadhatri (creator of the world)
Mahanandistuta (praised by Mahanandi)
Mahishasuradhatini Shivapujya (worshipped by Shiva)
Matangi (elephant lady)
Maya
Maya Mahamaya Mahodaya
Mohini
Muktakeshi (dishevelled of hair)
Nanda Siddhacharanasevita (served by Siddhacharas)
Nilameghavarna (the colour of a blue rain-cloud)
Nilavani (blue Sarasvati)
Nitya Kali (endless time)
Padma (lotus)
Padmaragopashobhita Karabhayaprada (hand removing fear)
Pavitra Parama (supreme)
Phalaharini Kali
Prakiritia (nature)
Purnenduvadana (with a face like the full moon)
Rakshakali (the protectress)
Sadhvi (holy)
Samdiptalochana Shavasanarata (addicted to the corpse asana)
Samhlada Viparitaratatura (addicted to taking the superior sexual role)
Sandhya
Sarvalakshanalakshita (having every single characteristic)
Sarvamangalamangala (greatest fortune of all)
Sarvasampatprada (giver of all prosperity)
Sarvasarvabhisthaphalaprada (giver of the fruit of every possible desire)
Sarvavidyamayi (consisting of all vidya)
Savitri (mother of the Vedas)
Sharatjyotsna (light of the autumn moon)
Sheetla (the goddess of smallpox)
Shivaprita (loved by Shiva)
Shyama Kali (dispeller of fear)
Siddha Kali
Sidheshvari
Smashana Kali (ever joyous dancer)
Sundaripara (supremely beautiful)
Svadha Svaha Vashatkara Saradindusamaprabha (as bright as the autumn moon)
Ugra Chandi
Varavarnini Vararoha Shivaruha (riding Shiva)
Vidhatri (creatrix)
Vidhatrivaradayini (giver of boons in creation)
Vindhyavasini
Vishvamata (cosmic mother)
Vyaghracharmavrita (wearing tiger skin)
Nguồn: www.goddessaday.com
Bản dịch:
Kali là tên của nữ thần mang tới cuộc sống, cái chết và sự hồi sinh trong Hindu giáo. Cô là mẹ của Bóng Tối, vị thần đem tới sự sáng tạo và hủy diệt. Có một vài câu chuyện về sự xuất hiện của cô, trong đó thường được biết tới nhất thì cô chính là phần đen tối (mặt trái) của một nữ thần khác (Parvati hoặc Durga), tách ra để thực hiện nhiệm vụ tiêu diệt quỷ dữ. Trong một truyền thuyết khá phổ biến, Kali sau khi tiêu diệt lũ quỷ dữ, kẻ thù của các vị thần, đã nhảy múa trên chiến trường và uống máu kẻ địch. Điệu nhảy của cô cuồng loạn tới mức các vị thần cảm thấy sợ hãi. Thần Shiva là vị thần duy nhất có thể khống chế được Kali, đã nằm xuống chiến trường để thu hút sự chú ý của cô. Khi Kali dẫm lên người Shiva, cô nhận ra những gì mình đang làm và sợ hãi giật đứt lưỡi của mình. Chính vì lý do đó mà hình tượng Kali thường được miêu tả với nước da xanh đen, đeo chiếc vòng cổ bằng đầu người và quần áo làm bằng tay người. Trong sự mô tả này, Kali có 4 cánh tay, một tay cầm gươm, một tay cầm đinh ba, tay khác cầm vài cái đầu và tay còn lại cầm một chiếc cốc để hứng những giọt máu rơi ra từ những cái đầu đó. Chân phải của cô thì dẵm lên ngực của Shiva.
Tên của Kali bắt nguồn từ tiếng Phạn, mang nghĩa là “đen” hoặc là “thời gian” tùy theo văn cảnh. Còn có một số tên khác phản ánh các hình dạng khác nhau của cô:
Attahasayuta (laughing loudly)
Balidanapriya (fond of animal sacrifice)
Bhadra Kali (adamantine)
Bhadrakali Vilakshi Kamadatri (giving desires)
Bhairavabhavini Bhavananta Sarasvataprada (bestower of eloquence)
Bhavani
Bhavatarini (redeemer of the universe)
Bhayanaka (giving fear)
Bhima Chandi
Bhimanadini (sounding terrifying)
Bhurbhuvasvahsvarupini (true form of Bhurbhuvahsvar)
Cchinnajata Jatajutavilasini Sarvarajayutabhima Sarvarajoparisthata Shmashanstha (dwelling in the cremation ground)
Chamunda
Chaturvargaprada (giver of the four aims)
Daksina Kali (remover of the fear of death)
Danavendraprapujita (worshipped by Danavas)
Devi Khadgahasta (holding a cleaver)
Dukhadaridyanashini (destroyer of unhappiness and poverty)
Garbha (the womb)
Gauri (golden one)
Gayatri Savitri Mahanilasarasvati Lakshmirlakshanasamyukta (showing all the signs of Lakshmi)
Guhya Kali (secret)
Jagadamba (world mother)
Jagadanandakarini (cause of bliss in the world)
Jagadvighnasini (destroyer of world obstacles)
Jaganmata (mother of the world)
Jaganmayi (consisting of the world)
Jagatsara (essence of the world)
Kadamba-pushpamalini (wearing a garland of kadamba flowers)
Kadamba-pushpasantosa (taking delight in the kadamba flowers)
Kadambari-panarata (who drinks the kadamba flower wine)
Kadambari-priya (excited and pleased with the kadamba wine)
Kadamba-vanasamcara (wanderer in the kadamba forest)
Kadamba-vanavasini (who lives in the kadamba forest)
Kadambini (dark as a bank of rain-clouds)
Kaladhara (bearer of the crescent moon and all female energy)
Kalahamsa-gati (moving and swaying as a swan)
Kalakantaka-ghatini (destructress of the fear of death)
Kalakanthi (with a soft and deep-throated voice)
Kalakarshini (conqueror and/or destroyer of time)
Kalamanjira-carana (whose toe-bells sound sweet melodies)
Kalamata (mother and destructress of time)
Kalanada-ninadini (sweet as the chakravaka bird)
Kalanala-samadyuti (brilliant as the fires of the final dissolution)
Kalaratri (black night)
Kalatmika (self of kalas)
Kalavati (possessor of all the arts)
Kali Kalaratrisvarupini (true form of the night of time)
Kali Ma (mother of karma)
Kali Mahamaya (the great sorceress)
Kali Nath
Kalidarpaghni (destructress of pride)
Kalika (devourer of him who devours [Shiva])
Kalikalmasa-nasini (destructress of Evil)
Kalikamata (black earth-mother)
Kalpalata (creeper who provides every desire)
Kalyani (bestower of peace and happiness)
Kamabija-japananda (excited to hear ‘klim’ [mantra of sexual union])
Kamabija-svarupini (embodiment of the mantra ‘klim’)
Kamala (who enjoys and is herself enjoyed)
Kamalalaya-madhyastha (abiding in the center of the lotus)
Kamalamoda-modini (pleased and intoxicated by the scent of lotus)
Kamalasana-santushta (lover of the lotus flower)
Kamalasana-vasini (delighted to be seated within the lotus)
Kamaniya (beautiful one)
Kamaniya-gunaradhya (adorable image of all tenderness)
Kamaniya-vibhushana (beauty is thy ornament)
Kamapasa-vimocini (liberator from the bonds of desire)
Kamapitha-vilasini (playing at the Kamakhya Pitha)
Kamarupa (in the form of desire)
Kamarupa-kritavasa (who lives in the place of sexual desire)
Kamarupini (assuming any form she desires)
Kamkalamalya-dharini (wearing a garland of bones)
Kancanacala-kaumudi (shining moon-beam on the mountain of gold)
Kancanadri-kritagara (residing in the golden mountain [Meru])
Kantukini (joyous one)
Kapalapatra-nirata (drinking from a skull-cup)
Kapali (wearer of skulls)
Kapalini Kurukulla Viprachitta Kantachitta Madonmada (drunk with desire)
Kapardini (lover of him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapardisha-kripanvita (kind and devoted to him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapila (tawny-colored one)
Karalasya (thou of formidable countenance with teeth like fangs)
Karali (frightening)
Karanamrita-santosha (pleased with the nectar of purified wine)
Karanananda-japeshta (deity of those who worship with wine)
Karanananda-siddhida (giver of success to those who enjoy wine)
Karanarcana-harshita (glad to be worshipped with purified wine)
Karanarnava-sammagma (immersed in an ocean of wine)
Karanavrata-palini (protecting those who perform ritual with wine)
Karpura-candanakshita (body painted with camphor and sandal paste)
Karpura-karanahlada (pleased with purified wine flavored with camphor)
Karpura-malabharana (adorned with garlands of camphor)
Karpuramoda-modita (whom the scent of camphor gladdens)
Karpuramrita-payini (drinker of nectar flavored with camphor)
Karpura-sagaralaya (at home in the ocean of camphor)
Karpura-sagarasnata (bathing in the ocean of camphor)
Karunamrita-sagara (ocean of the nectar of compassion)
Kashtahartri (allayer of all suffering)
Kasishvara-dayini (giver of blessings to the Lord of Varanasi [Shiva])
Kasishvara-kritamoda (giver of pleasures to the Lord of Varanasi)
Kasishvara-manorama (beloved of Shiva who overwhelms his mind)
Kasishvari (Queen of the Sacred City [Varanasi])
Kasturi-bhojanaprita (who is pleased to eat musk of the musk deer)
Kasturi-dahajanani (mother of those who burn musk as incense)
Kasturim-rigatoshini (who is fond of the musk deer)
Kasturi-pujakapriya (loving those who worship her with musk)
Kasturi-pujanarata (excited by worship with musk)
Kasturi-saurabhamoda (gladdened by the scent of musk)
Kasturi-tilakojjvala (luminous one with a mark of musk on her forehead)
Kaulika-priyakarini (benefactress of the Kula)
Kaulika-radhya (adored by Kula Tantrics)
Kausiki
Kishori (thou who art ever youthful)
Klaibyanasini (destroying all fears)
Komalamgi (delicate and tender-bodied)
Kottavei
Kripadhara (vessel of compassion)
Kripagama (attainable only by her compassion)
Kripamayi (truly merciful)
Kripapara (whose mercy is without limit)
Krishanu (thou art fire)
Krishna (black of hue as is Krishna)
Krishnananda-vivardhini (who increases joy and bliss of Krishna)
Krishodari (slender of waist)
Kulacara (observant of the Kulacara)
Kulakamini (Lady of the Kula)
Kulamarga-pradarshini (revealing the Kula-Path to seekers)
Kulina (embodiment of the Kula teachings)
Kulinarti-nasini (destructress of the Kula’s afflictions)
Kumari-bhojanananda (pleased by the feasts and gifts to the virgins)
Kumari-pujakalaya (refuge of all virgin worshippers)
Kumari-pujanaprita (pleased by the worship of virgin girls)
Kumari-rupadharini (who is in the form of a virgin)
Kumatighni (destructress of all evil inclinations)
Kurchabija-japaprita (pleased by worship with the mantra ‘hum’)
Kurchajapa-parayayana (threatening and conquering demons with ‘hum’)
Kvanatkanci-vibhusana (whose girdle-bells tinkle ever so sweet)
Madanaprita Madaghurnitalochana (eyes full of desire)
Madhya Trivalivalayanchita Gandharvaihsamstutasa (praised by the Gandharvas)
Madottirna Kharparasinaramundavilasini Naramundasraja (with a necklace of men’s heads)
Maha Kali (the great mother)
Mahagaurasarvanga (greatly golden in all limbs)
Mahakali Jagadhatri (creator of the world)
Mahanandistuta (praised by Mahanandi)
Mahishasuradhatini Shivapujya (worshipped by Shiva)
Matangi (elephant lady)
Maya
Maya Mahamaya Mahodaya
Mohini
Muktakeshi (dishevelled of hair)
Nanda Siddhacharanasevita (served by Siddhacharas)
Nilameghavarna (the colour of a blue rain-cloud)
Nilavani (blue Sarasvati)
Nitya Kali (endless time)
Padma (lotus)
Padmaragopashobhita Karabhayaprada (hand removing fear)
Pavitra Parama (supreme)
Phalaharini Kali
Prakiritia (nature)
Purnenduvadana (with a face like the full moon)
Rakshakali (the protectress)
Sadhvi (holy)
Samdiptalochana Shavasanarata (addicted to the corpse asana)
Samhlada Viparitaratatura (addicted to taking the superior sexual role)
Sandhya
Sarvalakshanalakshita (having every single characteristic)
Sarvamangalamangala (greatest fortune of all)
Sarvasampatprada (giver of all prosperity)
Sarvasarvabhisthaphalaprada (giver of the fruit of every possible desire)
Sarvavidyamayi (consisting of all vidya)
Savitri (mother of the Vedas)
Sharatjyotsna (light of the autumn moon)
Sheetla (the goddess of smallpox)
Shivaprita (loved by Shiva)
Shyama Kali (dispeller of fear)
Siddha Kali
Sidheshvari
Smashana Kali (ever joyous dancer)
Sundaripara (supremely beautiful)
Svadha Svaha Vashatkara Saradindusamaprabha (as bright as the autumn moon)
Ugra Chandi
Varavarnini Vararoha Shivaruha (riding Shiva)
Vidhatri (creatrix)
Vidhatrivaradayini (giver of boons in creation)
Vindhyavasini
Vishvamata (cosmic mother)
Vyaghracharmavrita (wearing tiger skin)
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_uJCHGvIp3BA/TKtv7f6Rt_I/AAAAAAAAFcA/MTuXLNP23ZM/s1600/goddess_kali_ma.jpg
Ai muốn tham gia dịch cùng tôi thì có thể pm qua hòm thư:
duongqua_8700@yahoo.com
Câu chuyện thứ 5 mà tôi muốn kể với các bạn là về một nữ thần. Tên cô là Kali - một phần được tách ra của nữ thần Parvati, vợ thần Shiva.
http://www.goddessaday.com/images/kali.jpg
Kali is the Hindu Goddess of life, death, and rebirth. She is the Dark Mother who creates and destroys. Several stories tell of her origin–she is usually the dark part of another Goddess (such as Parvati or Durga), separated out in order to fulfill her task of killing demons. In her most popular myth, Kali slaughtered the demons, enemies of the Gods, and then danced on the battleground, drunk with blood. Her dancing grew to be so frenzied that the Gods were afraid. Lord Shiva, the only one who could control her, lay down on the battlefield himself to get her attention. When Kali stepped on him, she realized what she was doing and stuck out her tongue in dismay. It is in this pose that she is most well-known, with her blue-black skin, wearing a necklace of human heads and a skirt of human arms. In this depiction, Kali has four arms: they hold a sword, a trident, a severed head, and a cup to catch the blood from the head. Her right foot is on Shiva’s chest.
Kali’s name is from the Sanskrit word kala, meaning either “black” or “time”, depending on the context. Her various other names reflect her different forms:
Attahasayuta (laughing loudly)
Balidanapriya (fond of animal sacrifice)
Bhadra Kali (adamantine)
Bhadrakali Vilakshi Kamadatri (giving desires)
Bhairavabhavini Bhavananta Sarasvataprada (bestower of eloquence)
Bhavani
Bhavatarini (redeemer of the universe)
Bhayanaka (giving fear)
Bhima Chandi
Bhimanadini (sounding terrifying)
Bhurbhuvasvahsvarupini (true form of Bhurbhuvahsvar)
Cchinnajata Jatajutavilasini Sarvarajayutabhima Sarvarajoparisthata Shmashanstha (dwelling in the cremation ground)
Chamunda
Chaturvargaprada (giver of the four aims)
Daksina Kali (remover of the fear of death)
Danavendraprapujita (worshipped by Danavas)
Devi Khadgahasta (holding a cleaver)
Dukhadaridyanashini (destroyer of unhappiness and poverty)
Garbha (the womb)
Gauri (golden one)
Gayatri Savitri Mahanilasarasvati Lakshmirlakshanasamyukta (showing all the signs of Lakshmi)
Guhya Kali (secret)
Jagadamba (world mother)
Jagadanandakarini (cause of bliss in the world)
Jagadvighnasini (destroyer of world obstacles)
Jaganmata (mother of the world)
Jaganmayi (consisting of the world)
Jagatsara (essence of the world)
Kadamba-pushpamalini (wearing a garland of kadamba flowers)
Kadamba-pushpasantosa (taking delight in the kadamba flowers)
Kadambari-panarata (who drinks the kadamba flower wine)
Kadambari-priya (excited and pleased with the kadamba wine)
Kadamba-vanasamcara (wanderer in the kadamba forest)
Kadamba-vanavasini (who lives in the kadamba forest)
Kadambini (dark as a bank of rain-clouds)
Kaladhara (bearer of the crescent moon and all female energy)
Kalahamsa-gati (moving and swaying as a swan)
Kalakantaka-ghatini (destructress of the fear of death)
Kalakanthi (with a soft and deep-throated voice)
Kalakarshini (conqueror and/or destroyer of time)
Kalamanjira-carana (whose toe-bells sound sweet melodies)
Kalamata (mother and destructress of time)
Kalanada-ninadini (sweet as the chakravaka bird)
Kalanala-samadyuti (brilliant as the fires of the final dissolution)
Kalaratri (black night)
Kalatmika (self of kalas)
Kalavati (possessor of all the arts)
Kali Kalaratrisvarupini (true form of the night of time)
Kali Ma (mother of karma)
Kali Mahamaya (the great sorceress)
Kali Nath
Kalidarpaghni (destructress of pride)
Kalika (devourer of him who devours [Shiva])
Kalikalmasa-nasini (destructress of Evil)
Kalikamata (black earth-mother)
Kalpalata (creeper who provides every desire)
Kalyani (bestower of peace and happiness)
Kamabija-japananda (excited to hear ‘klim’ [mantra of sexual union])
Kamabija-svarupini (embodiment of the mantra ‘klim’)
Kamala (who enjoys and is herself enjoyed)
Kamalalaya-madhyastha (abiding in the center of the lotus)
Kamalamoda-modini (pleased and intoxicated by the scent of lotus)
Kamalasana-santushta (lover of the lotus flower)
Kamalasana-vasini (delighted to be seated within the lotus)
Kamaniya (beautiful one)
Kamaniya-gunaradhya (adorable image of all tenderness)
Kamaniya-vibhushana (beauty is thy ornament)
Kamapasa-vimocini (liberator from the bonds of desire)
Kamapitha-vilasini (playing at the Kamakhya Pitha)
Kamarupa (in the form of desire)
Kamarupa-kritavasa (who lives in the place of sexual desire)
Kamarupini (assuming any form she desires)
Kamkalamalya-dharini (wearing a garland of bones)
Kancanacala-kaumudi (shining moon-beam on the mountain of gold)
Kancanadri-kritagara (residing in the golden mountain [Meru])
Kantukini (joyous one)
Kapalapatra-nirata (drinking from a skull-cup)
Kapali (wearer of skulls)
Kapalini Kurukulla Viprachitta Kantachitta Madonmada (drunk with desire)
Kapardini (lover of him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapardisha-kripanvita (kind and devoted to him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapila (tawny-colored one)
Karalasya (thou of formidable countenance with teeth like fangs)
Karali (frightening)
Karanamrita-santosha (pleased with the nectar of purified wine)
Karanananda-japeshta (deity of those who worship with wine)
Karanananda-siddhida (giver of success to those who enjoy wine)
Karanarcana-harshita (glad to be worshipped with purified wine)
Karanarnava-sammagma (immersed in an ocean of wine)
Karanavrata-palini (protecting those who perform ritual with wine)
Karpura-candanakshita (body painted with camphor and sandal paste)
Karpura-karanahlada (pleased with purified wine flavored with camphor)
Karpura-malabharana (adorned with garlands of camphor)
Karpuramoda-modita (whom the scent of camphor gladdens)
Karpuramrita-payini (drinker of nectar flavored with camphor)
Karpura-sagaralaya (at home in the ocean of camphor)
Karpura-sagarasnata (bathing in the ocean of camphor)
Karunamrita-sagara (ocean of the nectar of compassion)
Kashtahartri (allayer of all suffering)
Kasishvara-dayini (giver of blessings to the Lord of Varanasi [Shiva])
Kasishvara-kritamoda (giver of pleasures to the Lord of Varanasi)
Kasishvara-manorama (beloved of Shiva who overwhelms his mind)
Kasishvari (Queen of the Sacred City [Varanasi])
Kasturi-bhojanaprita (who is pleased to eat musk of the musk deer)
Kasturi-dahajanani (mother of those who burn musk as incense)
Kasturim-rigatoshini (who is fond of the musk deer)
Kasturi-pujakapriya (loving those who worship her with musk)
Kasturi-pujanarata (excited by worship with musk)
Kasturi-saurabhamoda (gladdened by the scent of musk)
Kasturi-tilakojjvala (luminous one with a mark of musk on her forehead)
Kaulika-priyakarini (benefactress of the Kula)
Kaulika-radhya (adored by Kula Tantrics)
Kausiki
Kishori (thou who art ever youthful)
Klaibyanasini (destroying all fears)
Komalamgi (delicate and tender-bodied)
Kottavei
Kripadhara (vessel of compassion)
Kripagama (attainable only by her compassion)
Kripamayi (truly merciful)
Kripapara (whose mercy is without limit)
Krishanu (thou art fire)
Krishna (black of hue as is Krishna)
Krishnananda-vivardhini (who increases joy and bliss of Krishna)
Krishodari (slender of waist)
Kulacara (observant of the Kulacara)
Kulakamini (Lady of the Kula)
Kulamarga-pradarshini (revealing the Kula-Path to seekers)
Kulina (embodiment of the Kula teachings)
Kulinarti-nasini (destructress of the Kula’s afflictions)
Kumari-bhojanananda (pleased by the feasts and gifts to the virgins)
Kumari-pujakalaya (refuge of all virgin worshippers)
Kumari-pujanaprita (pleased by the worship of virgin girls)
Kumari-rupadharini (who is in the form of a virgin)
Kumatighni (destructress of all evil inclinations)
Kurchabija-japaprita (pleased by worship with the mantra ‘hum’)
Kurchajapa-parayayana (threatening and conquering demons with ‘hum’)
Kvanatkanci-vibhusana (whose girdle-bells tinkle ever so sweet)
Madanaprita Madaghurnitalochana (eyes full of desire)
Madhya Trivalivalayanchita Gandharvaihsamstutasa (praised by the Gandharvas)
Madottirna Kharparasinaramundavilasini Naramundasraja (with a necklace of men’s heads)
Maha Kali (the great mother)
Mahagaurasarvanga (greatly golden in all limbs)
Mahakali Jagadhatri (creator of the world)
Mahanandistuta (praised by Mahanandi)
Mahishasuradhatini Shivapujya (worshipped by Shiva)
Matangi (elephant lady)
Maya
Maya Mahamaya Mahodaya
Mohini
Muktakeshi (dishevelled of hair)
Nanda Siddhacharanasevita (served by Siddhacharas)
Nilameghavarna (the colour of a blue rain-cloud)
Nilavani (blue Sarasvati)
Nitya Kali (endless time)
Padma (lotus)
Padmaragopashobhita Karabhayaprada (hand removing fear)
Pavitra Parama (supreme)
Phalaharini Kali
Prakiritia (nature)
Purnenduvadana (with a face like the full moon)
Rakshakali (the protectress)
Sadhvi (holy)
Samdiptalochana Shavasanarata (addicted to the corpse asana)
Samhlada Viparitaratatura (addicted to taking the superior sexual role)
Sandhya
Sarvalakshanalakshita (having every single characteristic)
Sarvamangalamangala (greatest fortune of all)
Sarvasampatprada (giver of all prosperity)
Sarvasarvabhisthaphalaprada (giver of the fruit of every possible desire)
Sarvavidyamayi (consisting of all vidya)
Savitri (mother of the Vedas)
Sharatjyotsna (light of the autumn moon)
Sheetla (the goddess of smallpox)
Shivaprita (loved by Shiva)
Shyama Kali (dispeller of fear)
Siddha Kali
Sidheshvari
Smashana Kali (ever joyous dancer)
Sundaripara (supremely beautiful)
Svadha Svaha Vashatkara Saradindusamaprabha (as bright as the autumn moon)
Ugra Chandi
Varavarnini Vararoha Shivaruha (riding Shiva)
Vidhatri (creatrix)
Vidhatrivaradayini (giver of boons in creation)
Vindhyavasini
Vishvamata (cosmic mother)
Vyaghracharmavrita (wearing tiger skin)
Nguồn: www.goddessaday.com
Bản dịch:
Kali là tên của nữ thần mang tới cuộc sống, cái chết và sự hồi sinh trong Hindu giáo. Cô là mẹ của Bóng Tối, vị thần đem tới sự sáng tạo và hủy diệt. Có một vài câu chuyện về sự xuất hiện của cô, trong đó thường được biết tới nhất thì cô chính là phần đen tối (mặt trái) của một nữ thần khác (Parvati hoặc Durga), tách ra để thực hiện nhiệm vụ tiêu diệt quỷ dữ. Trong một truyền thuyết khá phổ biến, Kali sau khi tiêu diệt lũ quỷ dữ, kẻ thù của các vị thần, đã nhảy múa trên chiến trường và uống máu kẻ địch. Điệu nhảy của cô cuồng loạn tới mức các vị thần cảm thấy sợ hãi. Thần Shiva là vị thần duy nhất có thể khống chế được Kali, đã nằm xuống chiến trường để thu hút sự chú ý của cô. Khi Kali dẫm lên người Shiva, cô nhận ra những gì mình đang làm và sợ hãi giật đứt lưỡi của mình. Chính vì lý do đó mà hình tượng Kali thường được miêu tả với nước da xanh đen, đeo chiếc vòng cổ bằng đầu người và quần áo làm bằng tay người. Trong sự mô tả này, Kali có 4 cánh tay, một tay cầm gươm, một tay cầm đinh ba, tay khác cầm vài cái đầu và tay còn lại cầm một chiếc cốc để hứng những giọt máu rơi ra từ những cái đầu đó. Chân phải của cô thì dẵm lên ngực của Shiva.
Tên của Kali bắt nguồn từ tiếng Phạn, mang nghĩa là “đen” hoặc là “thời gian” tùy theo văn cảnh. Còn có một số tên khác phản ánh các hình dạng khác nhau của cô:
Attahasayuta (laughing loudly)
Balidanapriya (fond of animal sacrifice)
Bhadra Kali (adamantine)
Bhadrakali Vilakshi Kamadatri (giving desires)
Bhairavabhavini Bhavananta Sarasvataprada (bestower of eloquence)
Bhavani
Bhavatarini (redeemer of the universe)
Bhayanaka (giving fear)
Bhima Chandi
Bhimanadini (sounding terrifying)
Bhurbhuvasvahsvarupini (true form of Bhurbhuvahsvar)
Cchinnajata Jatajutavilasini Sarvarajayutabhima Sarvarajoparisthata Shmashanstha (dwelling in the cremation ground)
Chamunda
Chaturvargaprada (giver of the four aims)
Daksina Kali (remover of the fear of death)
Danavendraprapujita (worshipped by Danavas)
Devi Khadgahasta (holding a cleaver)
Dukhadaridyanashini (destroyer of unhappiness and poverty)
Garbha (the womb)
Gauri (golden one)
Gayatri Savitri Mahanilasarasvati Lakshmirlakshanasamyukta (showing all the signs of Lakshmi)
Guhya Kali (secret)
Jagadamba (world mother)
Jagadanandakarini (cause of bliss in the world)
Jagadvighnasini (destroyer of world obstacles)
Jaganmata (mother of the world)
Jaganmayi (consisting of the world)
Jagatsara (essence of the world)
Kadamba-pushpamalini (wearing a garland of kadamba flowers)
Kadamba-pushpasantosa (taking delight in the kadamba flowers)
Kadambari-panarata (who drinks the kadamba flower wine)
Kadambari-priya (excited and pleased with the kadamba wine)
Kadamba-vanasamcara (wanderer in the kadamba forest)
Kadamba-vanavasini (who lives in the kadamba forest)
Kadambini (dark as a bank of rain-clouds)
Kaladhara (bearer of the crescent moon and all female energy)
Kalahamsa-gati (moving and swaying as a swan)
Kalakantaka-ghatini (destructress of the fear of death)
Kalakanthi (with a soft and deep-throated voice)
Kalakarshini (conqueror and/or destroyer of time)
Kalamanjira-carana (whose toe-bells sound sweet melodies)
Kalamata (mother and destructress of time)
Kalanada-ninadini (sweet as the chakravaka bird)
Kalanala-samadyuti (brilliant as the fires of the final dissolution)
Kalaratri (black night)
Kalatmika (self of kalas)
Kalavati (possessor of all the arts)
Kali Kalaratrisvarupini (true form of the night of time)
Kali Ma (mother of karma)
Kali Mahamaya (the great sorceress)
Kali Nath
Kalidarpaghni (destructress of pride)
Kalika (devourer of him who devours [Shiva])
Kalikalmasa-nasini (destructress of Evil)
Kalikamata (black earth-mother)
Kalpalata (creeper who provides every desire)
Kalyani (bestower of peace and happiness)
Kamabija-japananda (excited to hear ‘klim’ [mantra of sexual union])
Kamabija-svarupini (embodiment of the mantra ‘klim’)
Kamala (who enjoys and is herself enjoyed)
Kamalalaya-madhyastha (abiding in the center of the lotus)
Kamalamoda-modini (pleased and intoxicated by the scent of lotus)
Kamalasana-santushta (lover of the lotus flower)
Kamalasana-vasini (delighted to be seated within the lotus)
Kamaniya (beautiful one)
Kamaniya-gunaradhya (adorable image of all tenderness)
Kamaniya-vibhushana (beauty is thy ornament)
Kamapasa-vimocini (liberator from the bonds of desire)
Kamapitha-vilasini (playing at the Kamakhya Pitha)
Kamarupa (in the form of desire)
Kamarupa-kritavasa (who lives in the place of sexual desire)
Kamarupini (assuming any form she desires)
Kamkalamalya-dharini (wearing a garland of bones)
Kancanacala-kaumudi (shining moon-beam on the mountain of gold)
Kancanadri-kritagara (residing in the golden mountain [Meru])
Kantukini (joyous one)
Kapalapatra-nirata (drinking from a skull-cup)
Kapali (wearer of skulls)
Kapalini Kurukulla Viprachitta Kantachitta Madonmada (drunk with desire)
Kapardini (lover of him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapardisha-kripanvita (kind and devoted to him with the matted hair [Shiva])
Kapila (tawny-colored one)
Karalasya (thou of formidable countenance with teeth like fangs)
Karali (frightening)
Karanamrita-santosha (pleased with the nectar of purified wine)
Karanananda-japeshta (deity of those who worship with wine)
Karanananda-siddhida (giver of success to those who enjoy wine)
Karanarcana-harshita (glad to be worshipped with purified wine)
Karanarnava-sammagma (immersed in an ocean of wine)
Karanavrata-palini (protecting those who perform ritual with wine)
Karpura-candanakshita (body painted with camphor and sandal paste)
Karpura-karanahlada (pleased with purified wine flavored with camphor)
Karpura-malabharana (adorned with garlands of camphor)
Karpuramoda-modita (whom the scent of camphor gladdens)
Karpuramrita-payini (drinker of nectar flavored with camphor)
Karpura-sagaralaya (at home in the ocean of camphor)
Karpura-sagarasnata (bathing in the ocean of camphor)
Karunamrita-sagara (ocean of the nectar of compassion)
Kashtahartri (allayer of all suffering)
Kasishvara-dayini (giver of blessings to the Lord of Varanasi [Shiva])
Kasishvara-kritamoda (giver of pleasures to the Lord of Varanasi)
Kasishvara-manorama (beloved of Shiva who overwhelms his mind)
Kasishvari (Queen of the Sacred City [Varanasi])
Kasturi-bhojanaprita (who is pleased to eat musk of the musk deer)
Kasturi-dahajanani (mother of those who burn musk as incense)
Kasturim-rigatoshini (who is fond of the musk deer)
Kasturi-pujakapriya (loving those who worship her with musk)
Kasturi-pujanarata (excited by worship with musk)
Kasturi-saurabhamoda (gladdened by the scent of musk)
Kasturi-tilakojjvala (luminous one with a mark of musk on her forehead)
Kaulika-priyakarini (benefactress of the Kula)
Kaulika-radhya (adored by Kula Tantrics)
Kausiki
Kishori (thou who art ever youthful)
Klaibyanasini (destroying all fears)
Komalamgi (delicate and tender-bodied)
Kottavei
Kripadhara (vessel of compassion)
Kripagama (attainable only by her compassion)
Kripamayi (truly merciful)
Kripapara (whose mercy is without limit)
Krishanu (thou art fire)
Krishna (black of hue as is Krishna)
Krishnananda-vivardhini (who increases joy and bliss of Krishna)
Krishodari (slender of waist)
Kulacara (observant of the Kulacara)
Kulakamini (Lady of the Kula)
Kulamarga-pradarshini (revealing the Kula-Path to seekers)
Kulina (embodiment of the Kula teachings)
Kulinarti-nasini (destructress of the Kula’s afflictions)
Kumari-bhojanananda (pleased by the feasts and gifts to the virgins)
Kumari-pujakalaya (refuge of all virgin worshippers)
Kumari-pujanaprita (pleased by the worship of virgin girls)
Kumari-rupadharini (who is in the form of a virgin)
Kumatighni (destructress of all evil inclinations)
Kurchabija-japaprita (pleased by worship with the mantra ‘hum’)
Kurchajapa-parayayana (threatening and conquering demons with ‘hum’)
Kvanatkanci-vibhusana (whose girdle-bells tinkle ever so sweet)
Madanaprita Madaghurnitalochana (eyes full of desire)
Madhya Trivalivalayanchita Gandharvaihsamstutasa (praised by the Gandharvas)
Madottirna Kharparasinaramundavilasini Naramundasraja (with a necklace of men’s heads)
Maha Kali (the great mother)
Mahagaurasarvanga (greatly golden in all limbs)
Mahakali Jagadhatri (creator of the world)
Mahanandistuta (praised by Mahanandi)
Mahishasuradhatini Shivapujya (worshipped by Shiva)
Matangi (elephant lady)
Maya
Maya Mahamaya Mahodaya
Mohini
Muktakeshi (dishevelled of hair)
Nanda Siddhacharanasevita (served by Siddhacharas)
Nilameghavarna (the colour of a blue rain-cloud)
Nilavani (blue Sarasvati)
Nitya Kali (endless time)
Padma (lotus)
Padmaragopashobhita Karabhayaprada (hand removing fear)
Pavitra Parama (supreme)
Phalaharini Kali
Prakiritia (nature)
Purnenduvadana (with a face like the full moon)
Rakshakali (the protectress)
Sadhvi (holy)
Samdiptalochana Shavasanarata (addicted to the corpse asana)
Samhlada Viparitaratatura (addicted to taking the superior sexual role)
Sandhya
Sarvalakshanalakshita (having every single characteristic)
Sarvamangalamangala (greatest fortune of all)
Sarvasampatprada (giver of all prosperity)
Sarvasarvabhisthaphalaprada (giver of the fruit of every possible desire)
Sarvavidyamayi (consisting of all vidya)
Savitri (mother of the Vedas)
Sharatjyotsna (light of the autumn moon)
Sheetla (the goddess of smallpox)
Shivaprita (loved by Shiva)
Shyama Kali (dispeller of fear)
Siddha Kali
Sidheshvari
Smashana Kali (ever joyous dancer)
Sundaripara (supremely beautiful)
Svadha Svaha Vashatkara Saradindusamaprabha (as bright as the autumn moon)
Ugra Chandi
Varavarnini Vararoha Shivaruha (riding Shiva)
Vidhatri (creatrix)
Vidhatrivaradayini (giver of boons in creation)
Vindhyavasini
Vishvamata (cosmic mother)
Vyaghracharmavrita (wearing tiger skin)
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